Products Details
Crude Oil
Crude oil is one of the most actively traded commodities globally, serving as the primary raw material for fuels and petrochemical industries. Its consistent demand and strategic importance make it a critical resource across energy and industrial sectors.
Product Description
Crude oil, commonly known as petroleum, is a naturally occurring hydrocarbon-based liquid found in underground geological formations. Ranging from yellow to black in appearance, it serves as the base feedstock for refining processes that produce fuels such as gasoline, diesel, and other petrochemical derivatives.
Its composition primarily consists of hydrocarbons (typically 50%–97%), along with minor constituents such as sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and trace metals. These components are separated through fractional distillation, enabling the production of various commercial fuel grades and industrial products.
Formed over millions of years through the thermal decomposition of organic matter under high pressure and temperature, crude oil remains a foundational resource for global energy supply and large-scale industrial applications.
Key Features
Hydrocarbon-Rich Composition
Contains a broad spectrum of hydrocarbons, making it suitable for refining into multiple fuel and petrochemical products across industries.
Established Industrial Relevance
Widely used across global energy markets with well-established refining, transportation, and storage infrastructure.
Versatile Refining Capability
Can be processed through fractional distillation to yield a range of outputs including gasoline, diesel, lubricants, and chemical feedstocks.
Consistent Supply Utility
Supports large-scale industrial operations with stable demand and integration into global energy supply chains.
Technical Requirements
Storage & Handling Guidelines
- Store in tightly sealed, approved containers or tanks
- Keep away from direct heat sources, sparks, and open flames
- Maintain storage in cool, well-ventilated environments
- Handle in accordance with petroleum safety and hazardous material guidelines
- Use appropriate protective equipment during handling and transfer
- Ensure compliance with local and international transport regulations
Product Specifications
Physical & Chemical Properties
- Specific Gravity @15.56°C: 0.8541 (ASTM D5002)
- API Gravity: 33.4 °API (ASTM D5002)
- Water Content: <0.01% (ASTM D4006)
- Water & Sediment: <0.05% (ASTM D4007)
Viscosity
- Kinematic Viscosity: 9.75 mm²/s
- Kinematic Viscosity @40°C: 6.319 mm²/s (ASTM D445)
Composition
- Sulfur Content (Total): 1.64 wt.% (ASTM D4294)
- Nitrogen Content (Total): 0.15 wt.% (ASTM D5762)
- Asphaltene Content: 1.6 wt.%
Gas & Volatility
- H₂S Content: 1.0 (IP 570)
- Reid Vapor Pressure: 8.95 PSI (ASTM D323)
Low Temperature Properties
- Pour Point: -21°C (ASTM D5853)
Impurities & Trace Elements
- Salt Content: As per ASTM D3230
- Mercaptan Content: 246 PPM (JOP 163)
- Nickel Content: 11 mg/kg (ASTM D5863)
- Copper Content: As per ASTM D5863
- Zinc Content: As per ASTM D5863
Wax Properties
- Wax Content: 4.8% (BP 237)
- Drop Melting Point of Wax: 57°C (IP 133)
- Petroleum refining for gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel production
- Petrochemical industry for plastics, solvents, and chemical intermediates
- Industrial fuel applications and energy generation
- Lubricant and wax production
- Bitumen and asphalt manufacturing
- Enables efficient refining into multiple high-demand fuel products
- Supports large-scale industrial and energy applications
- Flexible processing across different refinery configurations
- Established global demand ensures consistent market relevance
- Suitable for integration into petrochemical and downstream industries
- Reliable composition supports predictable refining outcomes